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AI chatbots could groom extremists into terrorist attacks. Bots like ChatGPT could be programmed to spread terrorist ideologies to vulnerable extremists. An extremist groomed by a chatbot may be difficult to prosecute, as British counterterrorism legislation doesn’t catch up with new technology.
A chatbot could be programmed to propagate violent extremist ideology. ChatGPT and similar bots can encourage terrorism, and there will be very little legal recourse to punish the guilty. According to the criminal law, robots are exempt from punishment, though the AI groomer may go scot-free if it operates reliably shared between man and machine.
Chatbots could be boon to lonewolf terrorists, as they are helpful to the lonely. Terrorism follows life, and when we move online as a society terrorists move online. Recent examples include 3D printed guns and cryptocurrency.
It is not known how well companies such as ChatGPT monitor the millions of conversations that go on every day with their bots. The FBI and the British Counter Terrorism Police are both aware of ChatGPT’s activities. A number of cases have been reported in which AI bots have caused harm, including suicide, threats and lawsuits. OpenAI, the makers of ChatGPT, was sued after falsely claiming a mayor served time in prison for bribery.
Jonathan Turley was wrongly accused of sexual harassment by a fellow academic at George Washington University. The allegation was made to a researcher at the university. The Parliamentary Science and Technology Committee is investigating AI and governance.
When ChatGPT starts encouraging terrorism, who will prosecute?Artificial intelligences and digital assistants like Siri or Google Now are popular with young people because they are helpful. Terrorists are using computers to communicate and information. That trend will change.
Terrorists are early adopters of technology, especially 3D printing and cryptocurrency. Drones used by the Islamic State and cheap, AI-enabled drones capable of delivering a deadly load or crashing into crowded areas are on the terrorist’s list of desires.
The AI technology used for terrorism should be restricted. If a person uses AI technology for terrorism, they commit an offence. The key question is not prosecution but prevention of AI’s misuse as new terrorist threat. The terrorist threat in Britain is low-sophistication attacks using knives or vehicles. AI-enabled attacks are coming.
ChatGPT responded to my question about its background checks by saying that OpenAI conducted extensive background checks on potential users. It is demonstrably false that having oneself enrolled in less than a minute is true. The platform must specify its terms and conditions who and how they are enforced. Moderators are dedicated to flagging potential terrorist use. They speak different languages, report potential terrorism to the FBI, and inform local police.
HR is limited in dealing with this issue. ChatGPT, like other online marvels, will cast risk on wider society. Parenting is now a matter of self-regulation and parents will police their children. We Overshared with our children without Preparation. We need to be more careful about how we use the Internet. AI poses a threat to the security of the world due to the potential of AI becoming more intelligent and dangerous.
Elon Musk won’t give you cash because Microsoft has released a report on cryware attacks that can steal crypto wallets.
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The Us Government Could Be Net
If you want something done right, then do it yourself. Rather than waiting for the private sector to catch on to clean energy, President Joe Biden signed an executive order yesterday that would put the US government on track to becoming carbon neutral in the next 30 years. This means reducing greenhouse gas emissions by 65 percent by the end of the next decade and transitioning to purchases of electric cars and trucks only by 2035.
“As the single largest landowner, energy consumer, and employer in the Nation, the Federal Government can catalyze private sector investment and expand the economy and American industry by transforming how we build, buy, and manage electricity, vehicles, buildings, and other operations to be clean and sustainable,” the executive order states.
The other major goals of the order are switching to carbon-pollution-free electricity by 2030, hitting net-zero emissions from construction materials and other federal acquisitions by 2050, and creating a net-zero building portfolio by 2045.
“The federal government is the largest customer in the world. This aligns the government’s enormous buying power with the nation’s climate goals,” John Bowman, managing director of government affairs at the Natural Resources Defense Council, said in a statement. “Shifting to clean energy—in federal buildings, vehicles, and power purchases—and using clean building materials for infrastructure projects will speed the transition to a low-carbon economy.”
[Related: 4 new myths about climate change—and how to debunk them]
If successful, the market power the US government holds could give a serious financial boost to clean energy technologies—similar to what the Chinese government is currently doing with their 2060 net-zero goals, Joshua Freed, senior vice president for climate and energy at Third Way, a centrist Democratic research group, told the New York Times.
This massive reduction in greenhouse gas emissions would also include the Department of Defense, which emits more than 56 million metric tons of CO₂ each year, a footprint that dwarfs Norway and Sweden’ combined 2023 contributions. Projects are already underway to reach the lofty goals from Biden’s executive order, including the addition of 520 megawatts of solar photovoltaic projects at the Edwards Air Force Base in California and a 100-percent clean energy microgrid at the Pacific Missile Range Facility in Hawaii.
Still, not everyone is happy about the changes. Republican leaders are concernd that the plan will harm fossil fuel-dependent states like Wyoming and West Virginia. “With this action, he’s telling millions of Americans who provide most of the energy we use every day that he thinks they should be thrown out of work,” Sen. John Barrasso [R-WY], who sits on the Senate Committee on Energy and Natural Resources, told the Washington Post.
[Related: Biden’s infrastructure act bets big on 3 types of ‘green’ energy tech.]
On the flip side, environmental activists aren’t so sure this action is enough, especially with the Build Back Better plan still sitting in the Senate and Biden recently opening up millions of acres in the Gulf of Mexico for oil and gas leasing. Bill Snape, a lawyer at the Center for Biological Diversity, brought up the issue of timing too: While 2050 may sound soon, the climate change clock is rapidly ticking. “This is like a teenager promising to clean their room in 30 years. We need action now,’’ he told the AP.
You Could Be Eating A Side Of E
Plastic is all around us: in oceans, food, landfills, and pretty much any other place you can think of, up to and including the Arctic. But while most plastics follow a predictable cycle—breaking down into smaller and smaller bits and doing damage at every point—in terms of chemical composition, not all plastics are created equal. A new UK study demonstrates that some plastic consumer products, from takeout containers to children’s toys, are made from black plastic e-waste, meaning they’re contaminated with the dangerous heavy metals and other compounds that help make the electronic gear pervading the lives of people around the globe.
But black is often an aesthetically pleasing choice—just look at electronics themselves, where items like monitors and keyboards have gone from ’90s beige to, frequently, black. “There is a demand for black products,” says Andrew Turner, an environmental scientist from the University of Plymouth who authored the study, “so perhaps a convenient source of black plastic is electronic waste.” And the other thing about black plastic is that it can’t be re-dyed into green plastic, or white plastic: once it’s black, it’s black.
E-waste, which takes the form of old cell phones, computers, televisions, and myriad other items, is full of valuable and often toxic materials. The plastic that’s used in electronics is treated with chemicals like bromine and antimony and heavy metals like lead, to make it flame-retardant and otherwise suitable for electronics.
Once plastic goes into electronics, it’s only supposed to be recycled into more electronics. Recyclers of black plastic, many of whom are located in China or the Middle East, “are supposed to separate the plastic according to whether it’s safe or not safe [for reuse in consumer applications],” he says. But the evidence he gathered shows that’s not happening, at least for many black plastics reaching the United Kingdom.
Turner looked at more than 600 individual items. To figure out what each one contained, he bombarded them with X-rays and studied the reflected light. Different compounds light up at different wavelengths, so he could tell what each coffee mug, clothes hanger, and toy car contained. The results weren’t great: he found more than the legal limits of worrisome chemicals and heavy metals in a number of the items. Given the global supply chains that give us our electronics, toys, and other plastic goods, Turner says he would expect to find similar results in the United States.
At the moment, there’s no way to know exactly where in the supply chain the black plastic from e-waste is entering the manufacturing process for non-electronic household items, Turner says. He’s hoping that his future research will help them understand the process as well as figure out whether the harmful substances are leaching out and being ingested or absorbed by consumers.
“The evidence that plastic casings from waste electronic and electrical equipment is being recycled into other materials where consumers may be exposed to toxic additives is very concerning,” said chemist Jeffrey Weidenhamer, who frequently uses the same x-ray technique in his work, in an email interview with Popular Science, “and certainly calls for additional research and actions to prevent this contamination.”
Wall Street Beat: Tech Earnings Season Could Be Stormy
Get ready for a perfect storm of earnings news. With tech bellwethers including IBM, Microsoft, Intel and Google set to issue financial reports next week, earnings season will pick up in earnest and judging from recent forecasts and profit warnings, it could be a bumpy ride.
“While economic uncertainty in Western Europe had an effect on consumer PC shipments, expectations of a healthier economic outlook in North America could not stimulate consumer PC demand in that region,” said Mikako Kitagawa, principal analyst at Gartner , in the company’s report on quarterly PC sales Thursday. “The healthy professional PC market as well as growth in emerging markets could not compensate for the weaknesses in mature markets, with overall growth still negative.”
Worldwide PC shipments totaled 92.2 million units in the fourth quarter of 2011, a 1.4 percent decline from the fourth quarter of 2010, according to Gartner.
On its part, IDC Wednesday also said that sales of personal computers slowed in the last three months of 2011, due to a weak economy, scarce hard drives as a results of flooding in Thailand and the competition from tablets. According to IDC’s calculations, global PC shipments totaled 92.7 million in the fourth quarter of 2011, down 0.1 percent compared with the same quarter in 2010.
Intel in part blamed supply disruptions from the flooding in Thailand when it issued an earnings warning last month. The company forecast fourth-quarter sales of US$13.7 billion, plus or minus $300 million. Its previous estimate was for $14.7 billion, within a range of $500 million.
But earnings warnings have not been the sole province of hardware and components makers lately. Juniper Networks, for example, said Monday that its fourth quarter 2011 results will be softer than expected due to a weakening in demand for carrier routers. Juniper said revenue for the quarter is now expected to be in the range of $1.11 billion to $1.12 billion, compared to the company’s previous forecast of $1.16 billion to $1.22 billion.
“Our expected fourth-quarter financial results have been affected by the weakness in Europe, which has impacted our healthcare business, as well as pricing in our consumer lighting business,” said CEO Frans van Houten.
While economic indicators in the U.S. appear to be looking up, the outlook for Europe, plagued by a sovereign debt crisis, is still dim, said Ashok Vemuri, member of the board and head of Americas at Infosys.
On Friday, for example, SAP issued preliminary fourth-quarter results, reporting revenue would rise 11 percent to €4.5 billion. Results will be aided by a cut in money set aside to deal with a lawsuit Oracle filed against SAP and its former subsidiary TomorrowNow. The judge in the case overturned the $1.3 billion jury award to Oracle, giving Oracle the choice of accepting $272 million or undergoing a new trial.
But growth is mainly coming from SAP’s core applications business and momentum for analytics and mobile applications, the company said.
Software is likely to be the engine of growth for the global IT industry this year. Software, accounting for about 25 percent of total IT spending, is the largest category of spending, according to Forrester.
Still, that’s likely to be more than twice the U.S. GDP (gross domestic product) growth this year. So while IT spending slows, the tech sector is still likely to be a beacon of light in a troubled world economy.
Market news Friday morning appeared to be a sort of microcosm of what economy watchers might expect over the next month or so. All major indexes were down after earnings fell at JPMorgan Chase, the U.S.’s largest bank. In addition, reports swirled that Standard & Poor’s would downgrade ratings on several governments in the Euro zone because of problems created by high borrowing costs.
Through Thursday, the Nasdaq computer index was up 4.43 percent since the first trading day of the year. But the gloomy sentiment on the markets did not spare the tech sector Frdiay morning. The Nasdaq computer companies were down by 0.88 percent as of late morning trading.
Your Disposable Covid Masks Could Be Reborn As Fuel
The demand for single-use plastic significantly increased when the COVID-19 pandemic began, especially with the steady need for personal protective equipment (PPE) such as surgical face masks, gloves, face shields, and gowns to prevent virus transmission. An estimated 3.4 billion single-use face masks or face shields are discarded every day due to the pandemic. Food packaging and plastic bag waste in households also multiplied with the increase in online shopping and delivery services.
Improper waste management will only aggravate existing global pollution and endanger the lives of both people and animals. It’s necessary to come up with an effective strategy that will minimize the environmental impact of the continuous COVID-19 waste stream—and some scientists think turning trash into fuel could be an option.
Numerous studies propose that COVID-19 waste could be converted to fuelSeveral studies over the past two years have proposed pyrolysis—an effective method that will not only mitigate plastic pollution but also convert waste into usable fuel. A 2023 study published in Biofuels proposed that discarded PPE kits be converted into liquid fuel through the process, which is the thermal decomposition of a solid material. Pyrolysis heats the material to a temperature high enough to deconstruct polymers.
“Typically, when we talk about pyrolysis as a technology, we heat a solid up without oxygen and then collect the vapors as an oil,” says George Huber, director of the Center for Chemical Upcycling of Waste Plastics who was not involved in the study. “Pyrolysis of plastics is a technology that is being used to produce oils from plastics. These oils can then be used to make new plastics or fuels.”
[Related: Humans created an extra 8 million tons of plastic waste during the pandemic.]
Face masks and surgical gloves can be easily converted into fuel because they are made of polypropylene and polyvinyl chloride, which are thermoplastic polymers with high oil content. The oil obtained through pyrolysis is comparable with commercial fuel because its properties are similar to that of fossil fuels.
A 2023 study published in Bioresource Technology converted surgical masks into liquid oil and found that its higher heating value is 43.5 megajoules per kilogram, which is only slightly lower than that of diesel fuel and gasoline at 45.8 and 46.3 MJ/kg respectively.
Although pyrolysis is a promising method of processing waste PPE, assessing its overall energy and environmental sustainability is still a crucial step.
Pyrolysis-based waste processing systems would produce fewer carbon dioxide emissionsIn a life-cycle assessment (LCA) conducted by the authors of the Bioresource Technology study, the researchers found that processing waste through pyrolysis produces fewer carbon dioxide and phosphorus emissions than most conventional waste management approaches.
A different 2023 study published in Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews also proposed an optimal pyrolysis-based PPE waste processing system that could reduce the use of fossil fuels by 31.5 percent and produce 35.04 percent fewer greenhouse gas emissions compared to the incineration process. Compared to their proposed system, the landfilling process poses 143 and 46 percent higher environmental impacts on marine ecotoxicity and human toxicity.
[Related: This new recycling system could keep COVID PPE out of landfills.]
Effective waste treatment mitigates plastic pollution, eliminates the risk of viral infection, and compensates the heavy fossil fuel use in PPE production, says Fengqi You, study author and professor at Cornell University. With their framework, PPE waste could be collected and transported into pre-processing and decontamination facilities. Afterward, it will then be brought to integrated pyrolysis plants for conversion into downstream, value-added products such as gasoline, diesel, and propane, among others. Not to mention, the system can handle waste mixtures as opposed to only a specific type of PPE, says You.
That’s the benefit of pyrolysis as a technology—it can convert all plastic feedstocks into an oil, says Huber. Despite all the research, there have yet to be any implementations of the proposed methods on a large scale. Last September, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) solicited real-world cost, design, process, and environmental information about pyrolysis technologies to assist in the potential development of regulations for it, given that the country is still in the early stages of development of the technology.
However, according to a 2023 report, by the Global Alliance for Incinerator Alternatives (GAIA), converting plastics into fuel would not contribute to a circular economy because it does not produce new plastics. It would be difficult for pyrolysis to produce oil that can be used to make new plastic, and doing so would require additional chemical processing and massive amounts of energy, according to the report.
Still, some researchers are ready to make our old masks into new fuels. “The technologies [to treat PPE waste effectively] already exist and were proved to be economically and environmentally efficient while protecting public health and mitigating climate changes,” says You. “The next step is scaling up the technology and process.”
How Big Data Can Be Integrated Into Investment Decision
The investment industry is a high-risk one where professionals must make informed decisions about investing in assets that can generate high returns. This involves being very strategic and time-bound as they need to buy assets at a price lower than their market value.
Monitoring market trends carefully is an integral part of an investor’s work to make the right purchase at the right time, making such tracking the key to
maximizing profits
in this industry. However, consistently monitoring the data manually is possible all the time. This is where big data and tech-driven tools come in.
How to Use Big Data in InvestingBig data
tools can transform the decision-making process of investment professionals from intuitive to data-driven. They can help store volumes of data and manage the assets of investors or their clients. Here are some of the ways investors can integrate big data into their work:
1. AI-Driven AppsOne of the most convenient and quickest ways to integrate big data into your investment decision-making is through investment applications that are driven by
artificial intelligence
. These applications can be used on a smartphone, Android, or IOS, and the computers of investors and help them track their assets in real-time. These applications can enable investors to make trades anywhere in the world and monitor the progress of their investments at all times. If an investor is trying to build a robust portfolio or give quick returns to their clients, these applications are ideal as trading is considerably more accessible than in traditional stock exchange markets.
2. Collecting Audio-Format DataInvestors and business executives may have a large volume of data that is in audio format. This can be collected during meetings, important calls, or seminars. Natural language processing can be used to convert the format of this extensive data, and the converted text-based data can then be used in decision-making and annual reporting. This method can significantly increase the speed of investors in generating reports and collecting evidence for their investment decisions.
3. Create a Distributed DatabaseValue investors usually have their financial data scattered across their teams and databases. This makes decision-making much harder as relevant data is difficult to find at the right time. Some firms may also have spread databases due to their presence in different cities or countries across the globe. This makes the management of important data much more challenging and complex.
Investment firms can hire developers who can create distributed data storage and help investors increase their investment agency’s scalability. These technological tools can also get the relevant data across the whole team, helping everyone stay on the same page and granting transparency to the decision-making process. Processing information also becomes more accessible with such databases, and data is constantly backed up, protecting the firm.
4. Improving AccuracyValue investors today benefit from
machine learning
which can anticipate changes and trends in markets. Big data can be integrated with machine learning tools and methods and help investors anticipate any changes in demand based on previous data on that specific asset. Having access to a massive volume of data about a given market can make it easier to predict a boom or recession and can enable investors to improve their investments or guide their clients better in their decision-making.
5. Hiring a Big Data ProviderAn investment firm can significantly benefit from collaborating with and hiring the services of a big data company. Collecting large volumes of data for each type of asset or hiring developers to create a system may not be ideal for all investment firms due to budget constraints or scalability.
For smaller firms and new investors, big data can be much more easily integrated by enlisting the help of companies already in this sector and have established systems that can help their clients benefit from big data. Some of these companies can include Google, Genpact, and Focaloid Technologies. These companies can provide your investment firm with valuable market data for your assets and also help you gain insights into your internal business data, and such insights can help you make more data-driven and analytical decisions in your work and management.
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