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M.2 SSDs enable high-performance storage in a small form factor. Compared to SATA III hard drives that are limited to a 600 MB/s transfer rate, M.2 supports the NVMe standard, enabling them to achieve transfer rates of up to 16 GB/s when operating in PCIe 4.0 mode. They are also much smaller in size.
You might be wondering if the increased performance comes at a cost of thermal management and whether you need a heatsink to manage this thermal overhead. In this article, we are going to address this exact issue, and also guide you on how to install a heatsink for your M.2 SSD, should you decide that you need one.
Earlier SSDs were compatible with SATA III protocol, which limited their data transfer rates to 600 MB/s, which the mechanical drives could also theoretically achieve. However, SSD technology gradually evolved to adopt the NVMe standard, which could utilize PCI Express lanes for data transfer. This gave the NVMe SSDs a huge leg up over SATA III SSDs.
M.2 is a form factor that SSDs utilize to connect to PCIe bus via NVMe technology. The shape of an M.2 is rectangular, generally looking like a stick of gum, and has an edge connector at one end. The edge connector has 75 positions with up to 67 pins.
An M.2 SSD is 22 mm wide and comes in 30, 42, 60, 80, and 100 mm length varieties. You can usually identify the dimensions of the M.2 drive by its nomenclature. For e.g., a 2280 M.2 SSD is 22 mm wide and 80 mm long.
Most manufacturers specify the normal operating temperature for their M.2 SSD on the manual or published specification for their device. For example, a Samsung SSD 960 Pro has a specified operating temperature of 0 – 70 degrees celsius. Intel SSDs also have a specified operating temperature of 0 – 70 degrees.
You can check your M.2 SSD’s current temperature by using a Windows PowerShell command:
This command displays all installed disks and their current temperature.
Given the manufacturer’s specified normal operating temperatures that we discussed in the section above, it is safe to assume that an SSD can operate normally up to a temperature of 70 degrees. A home or gaming PC with SSDs installed rarely reaches this upper-temperature limit while operating normally.
In our own test, we measured a normal operating temperature of 34 degrees. We then put our drive under stress test by launching multiple runs of CrystalDiskMark 8. Our SSD temperature never went above 39 degrees. We had an ambient room temperature of 24 degrees during these tests.
The two most important components of an SSD are the NAND flash, which is the storage component, and the controller chip which interfaces the NAND flash with input/output signals.
It is widely accepted that the NAND flash modules that make up the storage components of the SSD work better when warmer. This is because higher temperatures make the flow of electrons in the NAND flash easier.
On the other hand, overheating controller chips in the SSD could lead to performance issues.
Keeping this in mind, most manufacturers pre-install aluminum stickers in their SSDs which also act as a thermal dissipation unit. For most users, this should be enough for heat management in their M.2 SSD.
However, there are certain scenarios in which it is possible for the temperature of your M.2 SSDs to rise above the recommended maximum. A few such likely scenarios are:
Workflows that demand high SSD utilization for extended periods of time, such as video editing.
If the airflow inside your casing is not optimal.
Mini-PCs with high-performance CPU and GPU crammed inside the casing can raise ambient temperature significantly.
If you find that your M.2 SSD drive is not performing as expected, then you should monitor your SSDs’ temperature. If you find that the temperature regularly rises to levels beyond normal operating temperature, you could install a heatsink for the drive to manage excess heat.
Warning! Before you begin, please be aware that many M.2 SSDs come with an aluminum sticker pre-installed by the manufacturer that also doubles as a heat sink. If so, you will need to remove this sticker which may void the warranty provided by the manufacturer.
Thereafter, shut down your computer and unplug it. Lay it flat on its side on a suitable substrate such as a table and open its side panel, exposing the motherboard. Make sure to use an anti-static wrist band before handling the components in your motherboard.
We recommend that you refer to the installation manual that came with the heatsink for a proper understanding of various components and the handling process.
Once you’ve completed the above steps, please follow the procedure below to correctly install the heatsink in your M.2 SSD.
You have now successfully installed a heatsink for M.2 SSD.
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What Isand Do You Need It?
While certain elements of the Windows operating system (such as the system kernel) are vital for it to work, other parts are less important. If you’re trying to lower your system resources, you may wish to consider disabling some unnecessary system services and processes, although you’ll need to understand them first.
One fairly simple-to-understand process is chúng tôi As the name suggests, chúng tôi (or chúng tôi is a component of Windows 10’s search features—in particular, the search tool that was originally part of the Cortana personal assistant. Here’s everything you need to know about it.
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What Is chúng tôi (or chúng tôi and Should You Disable It?chúng tôi is the process that allows the search bar on your taskbar to work. chúng tôi was previously combined with Cortana, the Windows 10 personal assistant, but was removed from Cortana in the Windows 19 19H1 update in April 2023 and renamed chúng tôi to distinguish it from other components.
As it stands now, chúng tôi is a typically low-resource process that sits in the background. It uses some resources, however, to ensure that when you press the search bar in the bottom left, the search menu appears almost instantly, allowing you to search your PC or the web, open certain apps, or change your PC settings.
This is a very basic search tool that relies on other processes (such as the Windows Search Indexer) to manage file indexing or web searches, allowing Windows to quickly pull up files and installed apps when you search for them. As a Windows system process, chúng tôi (or chúng tôi is entirely safe to run and use.
How to Hide the Search Bar on Windows 10Before you consider disabling chúng tôi (or chúng tôi on Windows, you may prefer to hide the search bar instead. This ensures that Windows’ search features remain active and available, but the search bar itself is hidden. The chúng tôi (or chúng tôi process will remain paused but enabled.
How to Manually Stop the Windows 10 Search Bar ProcessThe Windows 10 search bar (SearchApp.exe or chúng tôi is always running on your PC, even if you hide the search bar from view. Should it become unstable at any point, however, you’ll need to stop the process and restart it.
For instance, if the search menu itself repeatedly freezes, you may need to end the process to fix the problem. You can do this using Windows Task Manager or by using Windows PowerShell.
Using Task ManagerTask Manager will ask you to confirm that you want to stop the process—select End process to do this.
Once you’ve ended the running process, select the search bar again. Windows will reopen the chúng tôi (or chúng tôi process, restoring the search bar’s functions.
Using Windows PowerShellAnother way to quickly disable a broken search bar process on Windows 10 is to use the Windows PowerShell.
In the new PowerShell window, type taskkill /f /im chúng tôi (if your version of Windows uses the chúng tôi process) or taskkill /f /im chúng tôi (if your version of Windows uses SearchApp.exe), then select the Enter key on your keyboard.
Running the taskkill command will end the search bar process. To restore it, select the search bar—Windows will restart the process automatically.
How to Disable chúng tôi or chúng tôi on Windows 10The steps above should help you to hide or stop the running search bar process—but only temporarily. If you want to stop chúng tôi or chúng tôi from running, you’ll need to use the Windows PowerShell to take ownership of and then rename the executable file to stop it running.
Disabling the Search Bar ProcessWith the chúng tôi (or chúng tôi process stopped and renamed, the search bar will no longer function. You’ll need to follow the steps above to enter the correct folder, then type mv chúng tôi chúng tôi or mv chúng tôi chúng tôi depending on your version of Windows.
Running these commands will stop Windows from opening the search bar process—in effect, disabling it completely. Unfortunately, it isn’t possible (at present) to remove the app using Windows PowerShell or other tools, so this remains the best method for stopping it from working on your PC.
Resolving Search Issues on Windows 10If you prefer to use the Windows search bar to search your PC or the web, you’ll need to leave the chúng tôi process running on your PC. If you’d prefer to limit the amount of data Microsoft records on you, however, it may be best to disable it fully using the methods listed above.
Do You Need A 24Gb Ram Phone?
Moreover, the upcoming device from OnePlus, the OnePlus ACE 2 Pro, is expected to feature up to 24GB of RAM. This might raise the question, do you really need that amount of RAM on your phone? I mean, 16GB of RAM is typically considered excellent for computers., even for gaming. So, do 24GB RAM phone models make sense? Let’s delve deeper into the subject for a comprehensive understanding.
Why Does Your Phone Need RAM?
Before anything else, you need to have a proper understanding of what RAM actually is. At the core, it is one of the fastest memory in your phone. It is faster than the onboard storage but slower than the cache that remains embedded with the phone’s processor. But why do phones need RAM for?
Thanks to being exceptionally faster than onboard storage, operating systems use it to load up and run apps. If you were to make the operating system or apps run on regular storage, it would take you hours just to send a text message. Yes, RAM in phones is that crucial.
How Much RAM Do You Actually Need?
To understand how much RAM your phone needs, consider your requirements and the demand for the device. Let’s break things down to make it easier for you:
You Need At Least 2GB of RAM to Run Android
If you are to use the phone for basic tasks such as making a call, receiving a call, listening to local music, and texting, 2GB of RAM is more than enough. Before Android 13, the minimum RAM requirement was 1GB. But with the release of the new Android version, Google has increased the minimum requirement.
Essential Android Apps Needs At Least 4GB of RAM to Run Smoothly
Get At Least 8GB RAM Phone If You Want to Play Games
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However, if you are someone who tends to keep a lot of tabs open in Google Chrome, it would be a good idea to get a 12GB RAM phone model. After all, Google Chrome itself requires a good amount of RAM to operate optimally. Most Chinese manufacturers offer a minimum of 12GB in their flagships for this specific reason.
Another Important Consideration: More RAM Does Not Always Mean Better Experience
As we are talking about phone RAMs, it is better to look into the topic fully. So, a higher amount of RAM will not always mean a high-end experience. The processor must be able to utilize the amount of RAM the phone comes with.
For example, pairing a Snapdragon 600 series CPU with 16GB of RAM is a waste. 8GB or 12GB is more than enough for that SoC. Wondering why? Well, low to mid-range processors can not utilize higher amounts of resources.
Therefore, even if you pair them up with 24GB RAM, you will not get smoother performance in demanding tasks.
So, Should You Not Purchase a 24GB RAM Phone?
You should purchase a 24GB RAM phone if you want to stay highly productive and if the phone comes with high-end specs. The just-announced Red Magic 8S Pro+ is a prime example of such a phone. It is currently the best Android phone you can get in terms of hardware.
Most importantly, the phone comes with Snapdragon 8+ Gen 2, which is ideal for 24GB of RAM. It is a flagship processor that can utilize all the resources that it gets.
When it comes to productivity, a properly kitted phone with 24GB of RAM will let you keep multiple apps open. That enables you to multitask with ease. And the upcoming Android 14 has multiple multitasking features. So, with a 24GB RAM phone now, you will stay a bit futureproofed too.
Moreover, the current 24GB RAM phones are primarily targeting gamers. And they come with gaming-centric features to let the users get the best possible gaming experience. If you are a gamer, a 24GB RAM phone with good overall specs can surely be worth it for you.
Chatgpt Professional: What Is It & Why Do You Need It?
ChatGPT Professional: What Is It & Why Do You Need It? You will need to pay a subscription to use the ChatGPT Professional
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To fix Windows PC system issues, you will need a dedicated tool
Fortect is a tool that does not simply cleans up your PC, but has a repository with several millions of Windows System files stored in their initial version. When your PC encounters a problem, Fortect will fix it for you, by replacing bad files with fresh versions. To fix your current PC issue, here are the steps you need to take:
Download Fortect and install it on your PC.
Start the tool’s scanning process to look for corrupt files that are the source of your problem
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ChatGPT is an AI-powered chatbot built on OpenAI’s GPT-3 with large question-answering models that help it to understand and respond to human conversations. It has been free for users since it is in the trial stage.
However, OpenAI is planning to release the premium version of ChatGPT Professional or Plus. Keep reading to find out all about this new tool.
What is ChatGPT Professional or Plus?Since the release of OpenAI’s ChatGPT, it has been free to use because it was in its trials and user-feedback stage. Moving forward, Microsoft’s OpenAI has launched a paid version of the chatbot and says it is due to the need to ensure the tool’s long-term viability.
However, ChatGPT Professional is a monetized version. It requires users to pay a monthly fee to access the exclusive features of the Professional. The ChatGPT Professional introduces priority access to new features, increases functionality with no limits, and quicker reaction times.
In fact, the newer ChatGPT version available for paying customers is known as Turbo and it’s optimized for speed.
Furthermore, the ChatGPT Pro version doesn’t take away the rights of users now willing to pay for the tool. The free plan allows you to use it how it’s been since its first release.
Our readers can check how to bypass the ChatGPT not available for your country issue on their PC.
What are the differences between ChatGPT and ChatGPT Plus?
Larger dataset – OpenAI says that the paid version has a larger training set. That translates into better, more precise answers to queries.
Better support and resources – ChatGPT Plus users will have access to tutorials, documentation, and will be able to benefit from customer support for guidance to maximize the tool’s potential.
Ready-made API – Right now, you can’t access the OpenAI API but with a ChatGPT Plus account, you will be able to access the ChatGPT API, and incorporate it into your own software and infrastructure.
Turbo responses – The paying customers will access a much faster, Turbo version of the tool, with lightning-fast responses.
High volume of requests – Right now, in the free version, a lot of users exceed their quota of requests. With ChatGPT Plus, you will have a much larger quota fitted for organization usage.
How much ChatGPT Plus costs?Expert tip:
The Professional version of OpenAI’s ChatGPT Plus is available on a $20 monthly plan with many features. However, there may be other plans to make a variety for users to choose from in the future.
Unfortunately, not! Even for a paid subscription to ChatGPT Plus there is a waiting list.
Although there was an official release of this service, OpenAI officials didn’t provide a launch date for public availability.
Why do I need ChatGPT Plus?The free version of ChatGPT has worked okay since its release. Interestingly, the ChatGPT Professional has premium features and tools only for paid users. Some of the premium features that you will enjoy are:
It’ll be available at all times, even during high demand. It guarantees no blackout periods.
Another reason you need the ChatGPT Pro version is because it guarantees faster response speed, breaking every impediment that may draw back its performance.
Premium users have priority access to new features on the platform. It offers more quota and resources than the free plan.
According to OpenAI, many other features will be added to the Professional ChatGPT version to make it more valuable.
In addition, you may be interested in our guide on ChatGPT’s too many redirects error and how to fix this issue.
Likewise, you can read about the best ChatGPT alternatives that compete with the original app.
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Killer Network Service: What Is It & Do You Need It?
Killer Network Service: What is it & do You Need it? Killer Network Service is the booster you didn’t know you needed
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If you’re a gamer, you’ll want to consider a wired connection for more stability while playing.
Wi-Fi networks tend to be slower than wired connections because they have more trouble sending signals through walls and other obstacles.
The Killer Network Service can prioritize your connection and optimize it for areas where you need it the most.
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Fix Windows 11 OS errors with Fortect:
This tool repairs common computer errors by replacing the problematic system files with the initial working versions. It also keeps you away from system errors, BSoDs, and repairs damages made by malware and viruses. Fix PC issues and remove viruses damage now in 3 easy steps:
Download and Install Fortect on your PC
Launch the tool and Start scanning to find broken files that are causing the problems
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Windows 11 is the fastest and most secure OS yet. A lot of users relish its features. And while it has received some backlash, it also has some praise in equal measure. One of the most important utilities is the Killer Network Service.
Everyone appreciates a stable and fast connection. Gamers are on top of the list, especially when playing online games since they want to avoid lag. Now, there is a service in Windows 11 that promises to optimize their gaming performance. This service prioritizes your connection.
Although there are different ways to fix slow internet speed, most people will appreciate a service such as Killer Network Service that just runs in the background and does the job for you.
What is Killer Network Service Windows 11?Killer Network Service is a program that runs in the background on the Microsoft Windows operating system. It allows you to improve your network performance.
With this service, you can prioritize your online gaming, streaming, and downloading activities on the network by giving them higher priority over other things.
It works by prioritizing your most important tasks so that they get more bandwidth than other tasks. This means your gaming and streaming will perform better than if they were treated normally by Windows 11.
Why is Killer Network Service on my computer?The Killer Network Service is a Windows service that allows programs to send and receive network data. If you have recently installed any network drivers from the Internet, it is possible that Killer Network Service was part of the installation package.
The Killer Network Service is not something malicious. It runs in the background to enhance your computer’s overall performance by optimizing your Internet connection.
Gaming fanatics widely use this service to get a smoother gameplay experience. Regular users can also use it to optimize their online experience for a faster internet connection.
Is Killer Network Service needed?Expert tip:
If these programs aren’t given priority, they may suffer from lag or buffering issues during peak usage times.
The service is optional so you get to choose whether you really need it. It has been designed to improve the performance of your computer in games. But, if it isn’t doing so and is making other applications run slower than normal, you are better off without it.
Can I delete the Killer Network service?This software is not necessary for your computer to run but it will help by improving the connection speed. It helps in increasing the download and upload speed of the internet.
You can also reduce ping time, which means when you play online games, you can see an improvement. Although the Killer Network Service is designed to improve your gaming experience, it can also cause problems.
This service can prevent other programs from working properly or even causing them to crash. Users have also complained of the service consuming high CPU.
It also gives cybercriminals an opportunity to infect your system with malware. They use a disguise of other services and give them a similar name as KNS.
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ESET Internet Security, to scan, detect and remove the malware.
To avoid any inconvenience, we suggest to always performing scanning of any file or program you are downloading. To do so, you can rely on a trustworthy antivirus, such as, to scan, detect and remove the malware.
If you’re not interested, you can uninstall The Killer Network Service from your computer by following the steps below:
As an alternative, you can opt for bandwidth optimization software to manage your bandwidth usage and allocate it accordingly.
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Everything You Need To Do Before You Start A Free Trial
Free trials are fantastic—you get to learn if you actually like or need an app or service before you hand over any money. That said, you should never sign up for something without knowing what you’re actually agreeing to—free trial or not.
Some platforms will automatically start charging you after your trial expires, and others will collect your personal data in exchange for their service. But fret not: With just a little care, you can enjoy the benefits of free trials without being stung for payment or compromising your online security.
Do your researchA little bit of googling before you sign up could turn up potential red flags. Start by researching the background of the company you’re signing up with, as well as the other apps or digital services they’re responsible for. Be wary of platforms you’ve never heard of or that have no obvious track record.
That’s not to say you should shun new developers or small, independent operations , but it’s important that you try to learn about them—where they are based, what their social media profiles look like, and how they might be making money.
Before you sign up, take a minute to check the reviews from current users, too. You can check directly in your app store of preference, or go to a review site you trust to read what people have to say about the platform you’re thinking of trying out. This isn’t an exact science, but a little extra caution can go a long way toward keeping you safe from anything you shouldn’t be signing up for in the first place.
Protect your privacyFree trials are good for both you and whatever app you’re trying out. They get to show off their wares and perhaps tempt you into spending some money at the end of the trial period. Chances are, they’ll also be keen on learning as much about you as they possibly can right from the start, so you may have to fill out a lengthy signup form.
They might ask you for your email address, phone number, and even your payment details, just in case you forget to cancel before the free trial ends. Some platforms even allow you to sign in with an existing account such as Twitter or Facebook, giving them access to some of your details on that platform, too.
We recommend doing as much as possible to limit how much you give away at signup. Always choose to sign up with an email address and, if you can, don’t use your primary one. It’s always a good idea to create a spare email address just for signing up for new accounts.
Yes—not everyone is out to exploit your personal details or spam you forever, but it’s sensible to keep your data cards close to your chest at the beginning. If you feel that an app or service is being too demanding in terms of what it wants, you should ask yourself if it’s really something you need to try out after all.
Set a reminderGoogle Assistant can remind you when a free trial is ending. David Nield
Sometimes, you can start free trials without giving up your credit card or other payment details, but that’s not always the case. You’ll often be asked to enter payment details right at the start so the service can bill you the moment the trial ends. It’s a sneaky trick, but companies are within their rights to do it.
This is why it’s a good idea to create a reminder on your phone or calendar app of choice that will notify you a day or two before the free trial ends. That way, you can cancel the trial before you get billed. The more detail you can add to the reminder—like how the cancelation process works—the better. That’ll help ensure you won’t forget critical information when it’s time to cut ties.
Even if you haven’t given up any payment information, it’s still worth setting up a reminder. At the very least, you’ll be able to close down the account (if you’re not planning to use it), or enter your payment details if you plan to carry on.
On Android, the Google Assistant gives you a quick and easy way to do this—just say “Hey Google, set a reminder.” It’ll then ask what it’s for and prompt you to set it for a particular date and time. On iOS, you have the Reminders app. There, you can enter a reminder manually or ask Siri to do it for you with a voice command.
Don’t sign up just because it’s freeSometimes, you don’t even have to reach the end of your free trial to know you don’t want to continue. Maybe you don’t want to give up too much of your personal information, or the company behind it just seems way too sketchy. But there are other reasons it might make sense to walk away.
The first is to limit your exposure to security vulnerabilities and data breaches. The reasoning is simple—the fewer accounts you’re signed up for, the fewer chances hackers, spammers, and scammers have to get you. For the same reason, we recommend deleting or removing any accounts—free or otherwise—that you’re not actively using.
You also need to think about whether you’ve got the money or time to make the most of whatever you’re signing up for. Let’s be honest—you don’t actually need another account to manage and be distracted by. Just because something is free, doesn’t mean you should sign up for it.
Finally, try giving yourself the time to do something almost nobody does—read the small print. Find out how long the free trial will last, how easy (or hard) it will be to cancel at the end of it, and if the free trial actually offers a usable demo of what the product does. If you aren’t satisfied with the answers to any of these questions, feel free to walk away—or at least think for a few days about whether it’s worth your while to sign up.
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